Genda ushushanya gusa inzu nziza yo gusubira munzu, umusaza wa liu wa Qingdao jiaozhou ameze neza. Ntabwo yatekereje ko hejuru yimyaka 70 ashobora no gusezera kumazu yamatafari, kuba munzu nshya. Bwana Liu yarebye mu mpande zose z'icyumba nk'umwana, aratontoma ati: "ntabwo ari bibi, si bibi." Mu buryo butunguranye, umusaza liu arahindukira abaza umuhungu we ati: "nigute iyi nzu idashyizwemo ubushyuhe?" Umuhungu we yumvise ikibazo cya liu, ntiyashoboraga guseka ati: "dukoresha uburyo bwo gushyushya hasi, bikaba byiza cyane kuruta uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ikirere."
Kimwe na liu, abantu benshi muri shandong ntibari bazi no gushyushya igorofa icyo aricyo, ariko ubu bafite gahunda yo gushyushya igorofa mumazu yabo. Nuburyo bushya bwo gushyushya, gushyushya hasi bigenda byinjira mumazu yabantu basanzwe mumujyi wa shandong.
Mbere: ifatwa nk'imbuto itoroshye kumeneka
Hafi yimyaka 8, gushyushya hasi nkuburyo bushya bwo gushyushya mugusaranganya isoko rya shandong ni bike cyane. Dukurikije umuntu uri mu masomo y’ubushakashatsi atangiza, muri kiriya gihe, gushyushya sisitemu yo gushyushya hasi mu majyaruguru yUbushinwa bifite isoko ryinshi ku isoko ry’abangavu gusa, ibi bifitanye isano na sisitemu yo gushyushya hasi muri shenyang, shijiazhuang, urumqi nubundi bushyuhe bwa gakondo bwa "butatu bwamajyaruguru" burakoreshwa cyane mumurwa mukuru wimiturire mishya itandukanye. Kubwibyo, ibigo byinshi byubaka ubushyuhe bwo hasi byafashe isoko ryo gushyushya shandong munsi nkigice cyamagufwa akomeye.
Byumvikane ko abashinzwe imitungo mu karere ka shandong batigeze bashishikazwa no gushyushya hasi mbere, usibye ko inzu idashishikajwe no kugurisha, bireba umutekano w’ibicuruzwa bishyushya hasi kandi n’ikoranabuhanga bijyanye nabyo ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru. Umwe mu bayobozi bashinzwe inganda yagize ati: "Ntabwo ari uko tudashaka gukoresha sisitemu yo gushyushya hasi mu mishinga yacu, ariko turacyahangayikishijwe n'umutekano w'ibicuruzwa bishyushya hasi ndetse n'ikoranabuhanga bijyanye." Biravugwa ko bumwe muri gahunda yo gushyushya amazi mu ntara ya shandong mugihe cyo gukemura ibibazo bitemba, bikaba byateje bamwe mubateza imbere "igikona" ntabwo ari ibibazo gusa, ahubwo byanagize igihombo kinini mubukungu. Rero, uhure nimpungenge nyinshi, bahitamo ubu buryo bushya bwo gushyushya "komeza intera yubashye".
Uyu munsi: igipimo kizamuka gahoro gahoro
Muri iki gihe, nubwo igipimo cyo gukoresha sisitemu yo gushyushya hasi mu nyubako nshya muri shandong kiracyari kure y’indi mijyi yo mu bushyuhe bwa “butatu bw’amajyaruguru”, abakoresha nka liu bariyongera muri shandong. Nk’uko byatangajwe n’inganda, kuri ubu, igipimo cyo gukoresha sisitemu yo gushyushya hasi mu nyubako nshya muri shandong kigeze kuri 30% ~ 40%, kandi aya makuru agenda yiyongera uko umwaka utashye. Agace ka Shandong ibi bigoye guhekenya "igufwa rikomeye ryo gushyushya hasi" ni benshi mubakora ubushyuhe buke buhoro buhoro. Byumvikane ko, kugirango uhekenye "igufwa", agace ka shandong k'ibigo bishyushya hasi hamwe nimiryango ifitanye isano byatanze imbaraga nyinshi.
Iyo sisitemu yo gushyushya hasi yatangijwe muri shandong, ntabwo yari imenyerewe gusa kubaguzi basanzwe mukarere, ariko kandi ntago yari izwi nabateza imbere imitungo myinshi. Kugirango tumenye iki kintu gishya kandi cyemewe nabaguzi basanzwe hamwe nabateza imbere imitungo itimukanwa muri shandong, mumyaka yashize, haba ibigo bishyushya hasi cyangwa ishyirahamwe rishyushya igorofa, itangazamakuru ryinganda ryakoze ibikorwa byinshi byo kwamamaza. Igice kireba hamwe na rwiyemezamirimo banyuze mu nama yo gushyushya igorofa, kugira ngo bajye inama, ibikorwa nkimurikagurisha ryubucuruzi, gukora ubushyuhe bwubu buryo bushya bwo gushyushya ibintu bigenda byiyongera ahantu ha shandong buhoro buhoro kandi ugereranije nubucuruzi bwiterambere ryimitungo nubucuruzi bwiza. . Muri iki gikorwa, tekinoroji hamwe nibicuruzwa bijyanye no gushyushya hasi byarakuze cyane, kandi umutekano warazamutse cyane, bikuraho neza ibibazo byabateza imbere imitungo itimukanwa hamwe ninzego zibishinzwe ku mutekano wo gushyushya hasi. Ibi kandi byashyizeho urufatiro rwo kuzamura ubushyuhe bwo hasi muri shandong, isoko ridasanzwe rifite amahirwe menshi yiterambere.
Mubyongeyeho, guhindura isoko ryimitungo itimukanwa muri shandong nabyo biteza imbere ikoreshwa rya sisitemu yo gushyushya hasi. Nk’uko abashinzwe inganda babitangaza, mu myaka yashize, Leta yashyize mu bikorwa politiki ngenderwaho kugira ngo igabanye izamuka ry’ibiciro by’amazu byihuse. Kuva uyu mwaka watangira, igihugu cyashyize mu bikorwa politiki ihamye yo kugenzura umutungo. Ingaruka zibi, imishinga itimukanwa mukarere ka shandong, yaba ifungura ingano cyangwa ingano yo kugurisha, byagabanutse, ibintu byo kugurisha ntabwo ari byiza. Ibi bituma mbere yinzu ya shandong idahangayikishijwe no kugurisha ibintu byahindutse cyane. Mu rwego rwo kongera aho bagurisha imishinga yabo itimukanwa no kongera igurishwa ryimitungo itimukanwa, abaterankunga benshi bongeye kwibanda kubushyuhe bwo hasi bari barirengagije mbere, bigaragara ko ari ingirakamaro cyane mugutezimbere uburyo bwo gushyushya hasi muri shandong.
Muri make, nyuma yimyaka yo kuzamurwa mu ntera, nubwo gushyushya hasi bitigeze bikundwa muri shandong, igipimo cyo gukoresha sisitemu yo gushyushya hasi mu nyubako nshya no mumashuri muri shandong kigenda cyiyongera uko umwaka utashye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-23-2020